《知識》飛機上的機組員休息室 Crew Rest Compartment on an Airplane



長途飛行的航班中,除了乘客使用的客艙之外,飛行員和空服員也有他們的專屬休息室。但這些休息室都很隱密,乘客通常不知道在哪裡,而且在任何情況下都是禁止進入。

這些專供飛行員和空服員使用的休息室,稱為機組人員休息室(Crew Rest Compartment),也有人稱為蚌殼(Bunk)。它們的所在位置會因為飛機的機型而有所不同。在比較新的機型中,例如波音787或空中巴士A350,它們位於主要客艙的上方;而在空中巴士A330等比較舊的機型中,它們位於貨艙或客艙裡面。航空公司購買飛機時,可以依照公司狀況,提出機組員休息室的配置,但必須符合美國聯邦航空管理局(FAA)等監管機構的規定。

大多數的長途飛行都會安排四名機師,駕駛艙內隨時都必須有至少兩名機師,另外兩名機師則可以到休息室休息。飛行員的休息室通常位於駕駛艙附近,內有床鋪和躺椅;空服員的休息室通常位於機尾廚房的上方,內有多張床鋪可供空服員輪流休息。休息室看起來就像膠囊旅館,雖然空間狹小,但不失為睡覺的好地方,而且配有電燈、電源、氧氣罩、對講機等裝備。他們的床鋪上有通風口和空調,可以調整溫度。

在長途航班中,通常空服員至少有10%的時間,可以待在休息室裡休息。即使睡不著,他們也能在裡面使用手機、閱讀或看電影,讓自己放鬆一下,但這取決於航空公司的規定和飛行時間。至於空服員如何在飛行途中輪流休息?這通常是取決於年資,年資久的空服員,就能先挑選休息時段。
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Crew Rest Compartment on an Airplane

On long-haul flights, besides the passenger cabins, there are special resting areas for pilots and flight attendants. These areas are usually hidden and passengers don't know where they are. It's strictly forbidden for passengers to enter these crew rest areas.

These crew rest areas, called Crew Rest Compartment (sometimes called bunks) are located in different parts of the plane depending on the aircraft model. In newer planes like the Boeing 787 or Airbus A350, they are usually above the main cabin. In older models like the Airbus A330, they might be in the cargo hold or within the passenger cabin. When airlines buy new planes, they can request specific configurations for the crew rest areas, but they have to follow rules set by organizations like the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

Most long-haul flights have four pilots. At least two pilots must be in the cockpit at all times, while the other two can rest in the crew rest area. Pilots' rest areas are often near the cockpit and have beds and recliners. Flight attendants' rest areas are usually above the galley at the back of the plane and have multiple beds for crew members to take turns resting. These rest areas are like tiny hotel rooms. They might be small, but they're comfortable places to sleep. They have lights, power outlets, oxygen masks, and intercoms. The beds have vents and air conditioning so you can adjust the temperature.

On long-haul flights, flight attendants usually have at least 10% of their time to rest in the crew rest area. Even if they can't sleep, they can use their phones, read, or watch movies to relax, but this depends on the airline's rules and the length of the flight. As for how flight attendants take turns resting, it often depends on seniority. More experienced flight attendants get to choose their rest times first.