《知識》機票定價策略 – 距離起飛時間越近的機票為什麼越貴？ Why Are Flights More Expensive Closer to the Departure Date? Understanding Airline Pricing Strategies
如果有訂機票的經驗，你會發現機票價格是浮動的。航空公司的定價策略是一個非常複雜的領域，其涉及到很多因素，包括市場需求、競爭情況、季節性變化、成本和利潤等等。不僅要確保機位能完售、維持航空公司的利潤、和競爭對手博弈，還要滿足客人搶便宜的心態。整體來說，航空公司的定價核心邏輯：用不同的價格販賣同一件商品，以獲取最大利益。
需求定價
需求定價是指根據市場需求來決定票價。在旅行旺季，需求通常比較高，機票的價格也會相應上漲。同樣地，在淡季，機票的價格就會下降，以刺激更多的消費者購買機票。航空公司根據市場供需和預訂情況，實時調整票價，來維持利潤和市場競爭力。航空公司會利用折扣優惠來減少消費者對於動態價格的比較心理。因為大部分機票價格都是打折過的，並非原價，所以消費者的感覺是，大家都撿到便宜了，只是你的便宜了一點，他的更便宜。
差異化定價
差異化定價是指根據不同的消費者、市場區域和旅行類型等因素，設定不同的票價。商務旅客通常願意支付更高的票價，而休閒旅客則更關注價格。這也是為什麼如果你提早規畫行程，預訂機票，就能買到便宜機票；如果你等到最後一刻才買票，航空公司就會毫不客氣地多收你一大筆錢。航空公司的經驗法則是，會臨時決定行程的往往是商務人士，由於機票大部分由公司補貼，對金額較不在意。對他們而言，航班時間比價格重要。
近年隨著人工智慧 (AI) 的快速發展透過 AI 的強大運算能力，和數據分析功能，航空公司可以更精準地預測市場需求，制定更具競爭力的票價策略，進而提升營收。
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Why Are Flights More Expensive Closer to the Departure Date? Understanding Airline Pricing Strategies
Have you ever noticed how flight prices can fluctuate? Airline pricing is a complex game influenced by many factors, including:- Market demand: When more people want to fly, prices go up.
- Competition: Airlines compete to offer the best deals.
- Seasonal changes: Prices vary based on peak and off-peak travel times.
- Costs and profits: Airlines need to cover their expenses and make a profit.
Demand-Based Pricing
This means that airlines set prices based on how many people want to fly. During peak travel times, like holidays, prices are higher because more people are booking flights. Conversely, during off-peak times, prices are lower to encourage more people to travel. Airlines use sophisticated computer systems to constantly adjust prices based on how many seats are left and how many people are booking. This helps them to keep their flights full and make the most money.
Differential Pricing
Airlines also charge different prices for different types of customers. For example, business travelers are often willing to pay more for flexible tickets, while leisure travelers are more price-sensitive. This is why booking your flight in advance is usually cheaper. Airlines know that people who book last minute often need to travel urgently, so they charge a premium.
With the help of AI, airlines can now predict market demand more accurately and set prices that are more competitive. This means that airlines can make even more money while still offering customers great deals.
